When it comes to managing wastewater on your property, a crucial aspect to consider is the installation of a drain field. A drain field, also known as a leach field or septic drain field, plays a vital role in the treatment and disposal of effluent from septic systems. Below are the different kinds of drain fields you can install on your property.

Traditional Gravel Drain Field

The traditional gravel drain field is the most common type and has been used for many years. It consists of a series of perforated pipes laid on a bed of gravel, covered with a layer of soil. This system allows wastewater to percolate into the ground, where it is further treated naturally by the soil and microbes. The benefits of a traditional gravel drain field include:

  1. Cost-effectiveness: Gravel drain fields are generally less expensive to install compared to other types, making them an affordable option for many homeowners.

  2. Reliability: With proper maintenance, a well-designed gravel drain field can last for several decades, providing reliable wastewater treatment for your property.

  3. Effective treatment: The gravel bed and surrounding soil act as filters, removing contaminants and pathogens from the wastewater before it enters the groundwater.

Chamber Drain Field

Chamber drain fields have gained popularity in recent years due to their efficient design and ease of installation. Instead of using gravel, this type of drain field utilizes plastic chambers or crates, which are lightweight and provide greater storage capacity for effluent. Some key benefits of a chamber drain field include:

  1. Improved water distribution: The design of the chambers allows for the even distribution of wastewater throughout the drain field, maximizing treatment efficiency.

  2. Enhanced infiltration: The larger storage capacity of the chambers facilitates better water infiltration and increases the overall lifespan of the drain field.

  3. Reduced maintenance: Chamber drain fields require less maintenance compared to gravel systems, as they are less prone to clogging and can be easily accessed for inspection or repairs.

Mound System

Mound systems are an ideal choice when the soil conditions on your property are not suitable for traditional drain field installation. This type of drain field involves constructing an elevated mound of sand or gravel, above the natural soil surface. The effluent is then distributed through pipes within the mound, allowing for improved treatment. The benefits of a mound system include:

  1. Versatility: Mound systems can be installed in areas with high water tables, shallow soils, or other challenging soil conditions, making them a viable solution for properties that do not meet the requirements for traditional drain fields.


  2. Effective treatment: The elevated mound provides additional soil depth, promoting the enhanced treatment of wastewater before it reaches the groundwater.

  3. Flexibility: Mound systems can be designed to accommodate various property sizes and configurations, ensuring adaptability to specific site constraints.

The Drain Field Installation Process

Regardless of the type of drain field chosen, the installation process generally involves several key steps:

  1. Soil evaluation: A professional soil analysis is conducted to determine the soil's percolation rate, which helps determine the appropriate type of drain field for your property.

  2. Design and permits: Based on the soil evaluation, a drain field design is developed, adhering to local regulations and obtaining the necessary permits.

  3. Excavation: The area for the drain field is excavated, ensuring sufficient space to accommodate the required pipes or chambers.

  4. Pipe or chamber installation: The perforated pipes or chambers are carefully laid in the designated area, following the specified design and slope requirements.

  5. Backfill and cover: The pipes or chambers are covered with a layer of gravel or soil, ensuring adequate drainage while maintaining appropriate separation from the pipes. The depth and thickness of the cover material are determined by local regulations and the specific requirements of the drain field.

  6. Distribution system installation: If applicable, a distribution box or header pipe is installed to evenly distribute the wastewater to the drain field pipes or chambers.

  7. Final grading and restoration: The excavated area is carefully graded and leveled, and the surrounding landscape is restored to its original condition as much as possible.

  8. Inspection and testing: Once the installation is complete, a thorough inspection is conducted to ensure proper alignment, connections, and overall functionality of the drain field. Percolation tests may also be performed to verify the system's efficiency.

  9. Maintenance and care: Regular maintenance is essential to ensure the long-term performance of the drain field. This includes periodic inspection, pumping of the septic tank, and adherence to recommended usage practices to prevent overloading or damaging the drain field.

Installing an appropriate drain field is crucial for effective wastewater management on your property. By understanding the different types of drain fields available and their respective benefits, you can make an informed decision that aligns with your specific soil conditions and requirements.

Traditional gravel drain fields offer a cost-effective and reliable solution, while chamber drain fields provide improved water distribution and reduced maintenance. Mound systems are a versatile option for challenging soil conditions, offering effective treatment and flexibility in design.

Regardless of the type chosen, it is important to follow the proper installation process, including soil evaluation, design, excavation, installation of pipes or chambers, and post-installation inspection. Regular maintenance and care will help ensure the longevity and efficiency of your drain field.

Consulting with a professional septic system installer or engineer is highly recommended to assess your property's specific needs and to ensure compliance with local regulations. By investing in a well-designed and properly installed drain field, you can achieve efficient wastewater treatment and contribute to the preservation of groundwater quality and environmental health.

Ms Rooter Septic Tank has a lot of experience and they are all professionals in dealing with septic systems. You will be comforted to know that your septic system is in good hands. You can visit them at 115 E Main St Ste A1B – 1019, Buford, GA 30518. You can contact Ms. Rooter Septic Tank at (770) 763 7979 or visit their website at msrooterseptictankbufordga.com.